Working memory has limited capacity (7±2 chunks). Learning is optimized when instructional design manages three types of cognitive load: intrinsic (essential complexity), extraneous (unnecessary processing), and germane (productive schema construction).
The Three Loads
| Load Type | Nature | Instructional Goal |
|---|---|---|
| Intrinsic | Complexity inherent to material | Manage through segmentation |
| Extraneous | Unnecessary processing demands | Eliminate |
| Germane | Schema construction | Maximize |
Elemental Analysis
Air (σ) at 0.90: Signal-noise separation—the core distinction between intrinsic, extraneous, and germane load.
Metal (μ) at 0.70: Structured sequencing—worked examples, completion tasks, pre-training.
Earth (δγ) at 0.60: Segmentation—breaking complex material into manageable parts.
NEMETIC STRING
Φ(CLT) = σ(intrinsic|extraneous|germane) ∘ μ(structure|sequencing) ∘ δγ(segmentation|cycling) + ε | :structured
Core Insight
Learning is not about adding more information but about architecting attention—designing experiences that respect working memory limits while maximizing productive processing.
Related: Spaced Repetition, Flow Theory, 4E Cognition
SIML Entry: L011 Cognitive Load Theory